Preheat the oven to 350°F (177°C).
Generously butter and flour a 12-cup (10-inch [25-cm]) Bundt pan--this is a big cake!--tapping out any excess flour. If your Bundt pan is smaller than 12 cups, don't attempt to add all the batter to it. It will overflow during baking. If you are using a smaller pan, prepare an extra small baking dish or muffin tin to cook the extra batter.
Place the apples in a large bowl and toss with the lemon juice and 1 teaspoon cinnamon.
In a large bowl with a stand mixer or handheld electric mixer, beat the granulated sugar and butter until light and fluffy, 3 to 5 minutes. Beat in the eggs, sour cream, and vanilla.
In a medium bowl, sift together the flour, baking powder, and baking soda. Fold into the sour cream mixture. Stir in the apples. Scrape half the batter into the prepared pan.
In a small bowl, mix the 1 tablespoon cinnamon with the brown sugar and pecans. Sprinkle over the batter in the pan. (It may seem like a lot but go ahead and use it all. Trust us. You’ll be glad you did.) Cover with the rest of the batter and smooth the top. Be sure to leave some room in your pan for the cake to rise. This means you may not be able to add all of the batter to the Bundt pan. You can bake any additional batter in a small baking dish or a muffin tin.
Bake for 65 to 80 minutes, or until a skewer inserted into the cake comes out clean. Keep an eye on the cake and if it begins to brown too much, cover the pan loosely with aluminum foil.
Cool the cake in the pan for 10 minutes. Then place a wire rack on top of the Bundt pan and carefully invert everything. Gently lift the pan from the cake and let the cake cool completely on the rack.